In soil, Dicamba is only marginally persistent (half-life is 1–4 weeks). Degradation caused by microbes is prominent. Low pH, rising moisture, and rising warmth all accelerate degradation. However, dicamba breakdown is decreased when soil moisture levels rise beyond 50%. There is a small amount of photodegradation. On plant surfaces, some dicamba residues volatilize. Since dicamba is very water soluble and does not adhere to soil particles, it is mobile. Contamination of groundwater is a possibility. Microbial deterioration predominates in surface waters. Also possible is photodegradation.
A small amount of dicamba does not bioaccumulate. Its principal commercial use is for weed control in turf areas and grain crops. Additionally, it is used to control cacti and legumes, as well as to keep brush and bracken out of pastures. Dicamba can be used in conjunction with a phenoxy herbicide or with other herbicides to control weeds in rangeland land and other non-crop regions (fence rows, roadways, and wastage). Dicamba is damaging for coniferous trees but less so for other types of grasses.
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