In neurodegenerative disorders, the abnormal activity of HDAC enzymes can lead to the formation of toxic protein aggregates, which can cause neuronal damage and cell death. Inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by abnormal histone deacetylation, which leads to the activation of inflammatory genes and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. HDAC Inhibitors are a class of drugs that work by inhibiting the activity of HDAC enzymes, leading to an increase in histone acetylation and changes in gene expression.
These drugs can be broadly classified into four classes: hydroxamates, cyclic peptides, benzamides, and short-chain fatty acids. Hydroxamates are a class of HDAC Inhibitors that have been extensively studied in preclinical and clinical settings. Examples of hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitors include vorinostat (also known as SAHA), panobinostat, and belinostat. These drugs have shown promising results in the treatment of various cancers, including lymphoma, leukemia, and solid tumors.
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