Proteinase K is a highly active serine protease that breaks down peptide bonds near to the C-terminal of aromatic and aliphatic amino acids in order to break down proteins. When digesting proteins, Proteinase K is compatible with a wide variety of substrates. When calcium salts are present, the enzyme activity is steady; however, when a protein denaturant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or urea is present, the enzyme activity increases.
Proteinase K is a broad-spectrum, highly specific serine protease related to subtilisin. Its name, Proteinase K, comes from its ability to break down the protein keratin, which is found in hair. The proteinase K enzyme breaks the top portion of the peptide bond next to the carboxyl group and aromatic amino acids. In molecular biology, it is typically employed to digest protein and remove impurities from nucleic acid preparations. It is used to break down proteins in cell lysates, including those from tissue and cell culture cells.
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